Media Industries + key theory 12- power and media industries- Curran and Seaton
The birth of film
Film making practices, particularly those implemented in Hollywood, saw film making become a finely honed industrial process. When describing the ‘classic’ era of Hollywood film production, we often use the term ‘classical Hollywood narrative’. This refers to several characteristics that typified film making ideology at the time.
Classic narrative cinema (excessively obvious cinema)
horizontal integration- where a company buys "other companies in the same sector to reduce the competition for audiences. for example: tesco buys cost cutter
vertical integration- where a company buys "up other companies involved in different stages of the production and circulation"
conglomeration- a conglomerate is a corporation that consists of a group of businesses dealing in different products or services. conglomeration is the process of a conglomeration being formed.
producers and distributors:
producers- the company that makes a media product
distributor- the company that puts a media product out
distribution- the process where a media product ends up with an audience.
Black panther context:
Context- marketing "Black cinema"
the 1970s blaxploitation
economic factors: marketing
Black panther context:
- motion pictures go back to the 1890s. The first moving picture cameras were invented towards the late 1800s, and movies were boring. They were a single scene, about a minute long, and they were silent.
- The Birth of a Nation, landmark silent film, released in 1915, that was the first blockbuster Hollywood hit. It secured both the future of feature-length films and the reception of film as a serious medium.
Film making practices, particularly those implemented in Hollywood, saw film making become a finely honed industrial process. When describing the ‘classic’ era of Hollywood film production, we often use the term ‘classical Hollywood narrative’. This refers to several characteristics that typified film making ideology at the time.
Classic narrative cinema (excessively obvious cinema)
- heavy emphasis on spatial continuity- the audience is always aware of where they are at any given time.
- emphasis on temporal continuity- the audience knows in what order the events have transpired and flashbacks will be clear when they appear.
- the film must be realistic and must not make reference to any other film or texts.
- the studio system
- conglomeration
- vertical/ horizontal integration
- production
- digital technologies
- exhibition
- regulation
- distribution
- convergence
horizontal integration- where a company buys "other companies in the same sector to reduce the competition for audiences. for example: tesco buys cost cutter
vertical integration- where a company buys "up other companies involved in different stages of the production and circulation"
conglomeration- a conglomerate is a corporation that consists of a group of businesses dealing in different products or services. conglomeration is the process of a conglomeration being formed.
producers and distributors:
producers- the company that makes a media product
distributor- the company that puts a media product out
distribution- the process where a media product ends up with an audience.
Black panther context:
- black panther was produced by marvel studios. it was distributed by walt disney studios motion pictures. marvel studios was acquired by walt disney studios in 2009 for $4 billion.
- It is essential to note the film was produced and distributed by a major, vertically integrated film studio that is part of a media conglomerate is significant in terms of funding, possibilities for cross-promotion and reaching a global audience.
Context- marketing "Black cinema"
the 1970s blaxploitation
economic factors: marketing
- blaxploitation filmstended to focus on a wining formula.
- A black protagonist
- lots of sex and violence
- themes of drugs and crime
- an inner city setting (often new york)
- a white antagonist
- themes of subjugation, racism and political corruption
- funk/soul/R&B soundtracks, featuring prominent black artists.
- blaxploitation films proved extremely popular with male, inner city, black woring class demographic.
- but broadly they were produced by white film makers and financiers as a way of reaching a previously unreachable audience.
- like any other film, their producers were motivated by money and power.
- The media is controlled by a small number of companies primarily driven by the profit and power.
- media concentration limits vareity, creativity and quality.
- more socially diverse patters of ownership can create more varied and adventurous media products.
Black panther context:
- black panther was produced by marvel studios. it was distributed by walt disney studios motion pictures. marvel studios was acquired by walt disney studios in 2009 for $4 billion.
- It is essential to note the film was produced and distributed by a major, vertically integrated film studio that is part of a media conglomerate is significant in terms of funding, possibilities for cross-promotion and reaching a global audience.
- production history- Wesley Snipes expressed interest in working on a Black Panther film in 1992, and began to work on it by that august. In September 2005, Marvel Studios announced a Black Panther film as one of ten based on Marvel characters and distributed by Paramount Pictures. the budget was 200 million USD.
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